Page 80 - ANALISIS DAN INVENTARARISASI PERMASALAHAN TEKNIS HUKUM

TIDAK UNTUK
DIPERJUALBELIKAN

wilayah administrasi pelayanan publik dan ketika seseorang mem­
butuhkan izin atau persetujuan dari administrasi untuk melak­
sa nakan aktivitas atau memerlukan alokasi pinjaman atau jenis
ban tuan sosial yang lain. Secara umum tuntutan dalam bantuan
afir matif digunakan untuk mendorong administrasi untuk menge­
luar kan suatu perbuatan administrasi selain daripada kepu tusan
administrasi. Istilah bantuan afirmatif ini (affirmative relief) secara
119
substansi adalah seperti permohonan fiktif positif yang kita kenal
sekarang.
Laporan studi banding delegasi Indonesia ke beberapa negara
Eropa, termasuk ke Jerman, pada tahun 2016 menyebutkan:
PUSLITBANG
“Germany, does not recognize the term tacit authorization/fictitious positi-
ve decisions and/or actions as referred to in Indonesia’s Law on State Ad-
ministration, instead recognizing that if there is a petition from a member
of the public requesting an official to issue an administrative decision and/
or action, but the related official does not issue that decision and/or action,
then [the official] shall be deemed as rejecting [the petition] (or fictitious
negative decision).” 120

Ketentuan hukum yang mengatur lebih spesifik mekanisme hu­
kum seperti fiktif positif disebut sebagai Genehmigungsfiktion terda­
pat dalam Pasal 42(a) UU Prosedur Administratif Jerman, Verwaltung­
sverfahrensgesetz (VwVfG) yang dalam terjemahan bahasa Inggrisnya
berbunyi sebagai berikut:

119 Ibid., hlm. 137.
120 Study Visit to EU Countries, Compilation Report, EU-UNDP SUSTAIN Project and the
Supreme Court of Indonesia Delegation, 2016, hlm. 10. Selanjutnya dalam laporan tersebut
disebutkan: “The German Law on State Administration does not provide a time limit for
officials to issue an administrative decision and/or action, but depends on existing sectoral
regulations or Standard Operational Procedures (SOPs) at related government institutions.
Even though such a time limit is not firmly stipulated, in practice, state administrative courts
will reasonably determine it (considering the type of petition and the official’s busy activi-
ties) namely 3 (three) months subsequent to the petition. [If] within three (3) months the
authorized official does not heed the petition, the party petitioning may not immediately be
permitted to lodge a claim, but to submit a request to the administrative court to reprimand
the official. In practice, it is common that as long as the petition submitted through the ad-
ministrative court adheres to formal requisites as stipulated in law, the official will comply.
In the event that the related official still does not act upon the petition, then a claim will be
further lodged to the administrative court”. Ibid.

BAB 2 SIKAP DIAM ADMINISTRASI DAN PERADILAN ADMINISTRASI • 61